技术与市场

随着物联网与边缘计算技术的快速发展，分布式微控制单元(MCU)网络在智能家居、工业自动化、智慧农业等领域的应用日益广泛。这些网络经常面临节点动态加入或退出的场景，即动态组网需求。传统地址分配方法不仅增加了硬件成本、需要大量人工干预，更难以在网络拓扑动态变化时实现地址的自动重构，严重制约了系统的可维护性、扩展性与鲁棒性。针对上述挑战，提出一种基于串联电阻分压原理的分布式地址自动分配方法，通过建立“物理拓扑-模拟电压-逻辑地址”的确定性映射模型，将节点在网络链路上的连接顺序编码为唯一的模拟电压值，并通过模数转换(ADC)与本地计算实现地址的自识别。实验结果验证了该方法的有效性。研究成果为资源受限的嵌入式动态组网系统提供了一种低成本、自适应的地址分配解决方案，具有一定的工程应用价值。

With the rapid development of the Internet of Things(IoT) and edge computing technologies, distributed microcontroller unit(MCU) networks have been increasingly applied in fields such as smart homes, industrial automation, and smart agriculture.These networks often face the demand for dynamic networking where nodes dynamically join or exit.Traditional address allocation methods not only increase hardware costs and require extensive manual intervention, but also is more difficult to achieve automatic address reconstruction when the network topology changes dynamically, which severely restricts the maintainability, scalability, and robustness of the system.To address the above challenges, this paper proposes a distributed automatic address allocation method based on the principle of series resistor voltage division.By establishing a deterministic mapping model of “physical topology-analog voltage-logical address”,the connection sequence of nodes in the network link is encoded into a unique analog voltage value.Automatic address identification is then realized through analog-to-digital conversion(ADC) and local computing.Experimental test verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.This study provides a low-cost and adaptive address allocation solution for resource-constrained embedded dynamic networking systems, and possesses certain engineering application value.